Perianal Abscesses and Fistulas
Perianal fistulas and abscesses are two related conditions that involve the anal region and can cause discomfort and complications if left untreated.
An anal abscess is a painful collection of pus near the anus, most commonly caused by an infection of the anal glands. These abscesses can develop quickly and lead to symptoms such as swelling, pain, redness, and fever.
If an anal abscess is not properly treated, it can sometimes develop into a perianal fistula. A fistula is an abnormal tunnel that forms between the anal canal and the skin near the anus, allowing fluid and bacteria to drain from the abscess. Perianal fistulas can cause persistent leakage and pain. They may lead to recurrent infections if not treated effectively.
Causes
The causes of perianal fistulas and abscesses can vary but are often related to infections of the anal glands, trauma to the anal region, or underlying conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease.
Importantly, these symptoms can mask or mimic many serious bowel conditions. It is essential to have any new symptoms properly assessed.
Treatment
Treatment for perianal fistulas and abscesses typically involves draining the abscess to relieve pain and prevent further complications. This may be done through a simple incision or by placing a small rubber tube called a seton to help treat the fistula. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the fistula tract completely. Antibiotics may also be prescribed to treat any underlying infection. Prompt medical attention is essential to prevent complications and promote healing.
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